Progressive stirred freeze-concentration of ethanol-water solutions

Prevention of Initial Supercooling in Progressive Freeze-concentration.

A physical method is proposed that uses a cooling plate with many small holes to prevent initial supercooling in progressive freeze-concentration, and thus avoid serious contamination of the ice produced. The higher chance for ice nucleation of the water molecules in the holes due to the temperature gradient in the cooling plate resulted in the initial supercooling being completely prevented. A...

Task 2.6: Mechanical Freeze/Thaw and Freeze Concentration of Water and Wastewater Residuals

Tapered Optical Fiber Coated with ZnO Nanorods for Detection of Ethanol Concentration in Water

This work presents ZnO nanorods coated multimode optical fiber sensing behavior in response to ethanol solution. The sensor operates based on modulation of light intensity which arises from manipulation of light interaction with the ambient environment in sensing region. For this purpose, two steps are experimentally applied here; etching and then coating fiber with ZnO nanorods to provide stro...

Effect of Flowrate and Coolant Temperature on the Efficiency of Progressive Freeze Concentration on Simulated Wastewater

Freeze concentration freezes or crystallises the water molecules out as ice crystals and leaves behind a highly concentrated solution. In conventional suspension freeze concentration where ice crystals formed as a suspension in the mother liquor, separation of ice is difficult. The size of the ice crystals is still very limited which will require usage of scraped surface heat exchangers, which ...

Surface properties of bolaamphiphiles in ethanol/water mixed solutions

The effect of ethanol on the surface properties of bolaamphiphiles and their mixed systems with oppositely charged conventional surfactants is studied and compared with the corresponding conventional surfactant systems. It is found that both the bolaamphiphile and the conventional surfactant have the similar variation tendency of γcmc and Γ∞ in the single surfactant system. However, in the cati...